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The position, mood, balance and weight distribution influence the way we behave when we ride a horse. How to mount the horse can cause appears to be playing a hand or foot. The horse and rider must work as one unit. The rider's position is one of the basic principles of riding. The optimum position of the rider is relaxed and without tension, without bothering the horse. This is when the rider is relaxed, and not fight against the movement of the horse, or reins are subject to stiff. Should only be mounted with the back straight if we are relaxed, because if we're not we can do much damage. Riders should not be set to one side of the frame, this can be very detrimental to the horse, the disproportionate weight of the rider makes it impossible for the horse can relax and work level on both hands. Sitting to one side, press the ribs of the horse, interfering with their coordination, balance and muscle development, and increases the pressure on their feet, damaging the bone and tissue. Mostly, the riders who ride far to the right is because they are skilled, and they ride too far left because they are lefties. This is because that body part is stronger than the other.
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Brief history of horses |
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The horse as we know it today appeared about 60 million years earlier his predecessor was: Eohippus, also known as "dawn horse", this was the illustrious ancestor that gave rise to the family equidae. Within this family are: zebra, donkey, donkeys and wild Przewalski horse. The Eohippus not looked almost nothing to modern horse in size, measuring 35 cm on average. at the withers, weighed about 5.5 kilos rather like a dog than a horse had the arched back and instead of having a finger protected by a helmet, had a hand with fleshy plant with 4 toes on front feet and 3 in the rear, all finished in a strong claws horny teeth were adapted for the consumption of young leaves of the bushes and his eyes were also different because they were located closer to the center of the head.
At that time the American continent was connected to Europe and Asia through a natural bridge, which remained until the end of the ice age, around 9000 BC. These bridges allowed for more than a million years, occur Equus species migrations into what is known as the Old World. Due to melting glaciers left America isolated from the rest of the continents and a thousand years later, for reasons still not known, the horse is completely extinguished on the continent. The four related species Equus were distributed as follows: horses in Europe and western Asia, asses and zebras in the northern and southern Africa respectively, and asses in the Middle East. The men of the Stone Age, who lived on the European continent in ancient times, met the horses. They were killed for food without thinking of tame and use them as mounts for other purposes. We know the look of those, because artists reproduced on prehistoric cave walls, animals were weighed and short members. The Arabs, who lived in a warm, dusty, sandy, produced a small, strong horses that could move with surprising speed. A very different kind of animal was obtained in Europe: big and very strong capable of carrying heavily armed knights and carry enormous loads. In 1519, the horse returned to North America. Hernan Cortes, explorer and conquistador, was from Cuba to Mexico with 16 horses. The Mexican people were frightened to see animals so unusual for them. Over time the horses became so well appreciated that a great power granted to the owner. Throughout history there horses that became famous and its fame still endures today, and some of the most famous: |
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Famous horses |
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The horse has been very important in the history of mankind and has accompanied man since ancient times. But within this huge number of horses that helped build step by step in modern history, there are some who won fame on through the years and are a privileged space in historical memory.
Bucephalus, Alexander the Great's horse Name of the horse of Alexander the Great. Its name means "ox head", a nickname that was apparently the animal by the roundness of your face and the considerable width of his forehead, which also shone a white star-shaped. Bucephalus was the horse of Alexander since he had the age of 12, following who knew him while presenting different horses to his father King Philip II of Macedonia for the purchase. It was then, according to legend, the horse began to grow rough and wild, snorting and throwing kicks everywhere, no one managed to pacify him. It was then only the young Alexander was able to ride the horse, when he would pronounce to his father's famous phrase, "Son, get yourself a kingdom equal to your greatness, because Macedonia is small for you." It is said that since then, Bucephalus allowed itself to be cared for by servants of Alexander, but it is only left for him to mount.
Babieca: The horse of the Cid Anyone who has read the Song of Mio Cid remember the name of this horse. White coat and apparently Andaluza, was raised in a Spanish convent. By all accounts, was a horse obedient, agile and full of verve, ideal for war. It is well known that won the last battle the Cid, thanks largely to his spirited horse. The lifeless body of the Cid, was tied to the saddle of his steed at full gallop troops marched against the Cid, lifting the morale of the soldiers and scaring the Moors, who seeing such a scene, thought the Cid had risen from the dead to continue fighting. After the death of Rodrigo Diaz, Babieca not be mounted again and died two years later at the incredible age of 40 years.
Marengo: The horse of Napoleon I This was a gray horse race with a 1.45m Arabic in height. It was imported from Egypt to France in 1799 at the age of six years. It was the most famous horse of Emperor Napoleon I (had about 130 horses for personal use). Marengo is remembered as a horse up procurement. Fast and manageable, it says that remained calm during the shooting of firearms. He was wounded in battle, eight times in his life and was finally captured after Waterloo and taken to England, where he died at age 38. His skeleton was taken to the National Army Museum at Sandhurst. Strategos: Hannibal's horse The great feat of Hannibal (247 183. C) was crossing the Alps with fifty thousand men, ten thousand horsemen and fifty elephants to defeat the Romans in their own empire. The horse who accompanied him on this quest was Strategos (General Greek). Under consideration was a horse of great height and jet black. Restless, fast and manageable were other adjectives that qualify the animal. Remember that the Carthaginians were riding without a bite, sometimes without brake flanges. Hannibal sent to Strategos Thessaly bring in their desire to emulate Alexander the Great, his great idol of youth. (Recall that the trader who brought Bucephalus was also of Thessaly). Incitatus: Caligula's horse Caligula (December 1941 AD) reigned in Rome from 37 to 41. Although the Romans did not trust too much in the cavalry of their armies and always preferred his legions, were lovers of horse racing. Incitatus (meaning violent) came from Hispania Caligula for racing. The emperor loved the animal so he built a stable of marble and ivory manger. Later he built a garden house with servants to the horse never lacks for nothing and could receive guests that Caligula ordered himself to visiting Incitatus. Legend has it that before the race the emperor slept beside his horse and not to disrupt the rest of this decree on the eve of the general silence throughout the city on pain of death. Also be aware that once lost a race Incitatus and outraged that Caligula had him killed the charioteer telling the executioner: Kill him slowly to feel death. Sire: Caesar's horse Sire was born in the house of Julius Caesar (44. 100d.C C). Scryers predicted that the horse owner would own the empire of the world. Sire (meaning parent, player or operator) was named in memory of Julius Caesar's father died when he was 14 años.Ante predictions, Julio Cesar fed the animal, took care and did not allow anyone to part of the Mt the horse. He ordered up a statue of Incitatus against the temple of Venus Genetrix to protect him. With Sire was with Julius Caesar passed the Rubicon when it was decided to seize power with a civil war. Legend has it that instead of legs had feet of man and that his feet were like fingers. Lazlo: The horse of the desert Lazlo, meaning horse of the desert, and was the first to have Mohammed and who made his first pilgrimage to Mecca. The horse gave him the governor of Egypt in the early years of the Hegira. Despite having never left Lazlo Mohammed Al qaswed (his favorite camel.) However, Muhammad had a passion for horses and especially for the mares. This love led him to write: The devil never dare enter a tent inhabited by an Arab horse. Later he began to worry about the survival of the race. Thus she wrote in the Koran itself: The more grains of barley proportions on your horse, most sins are forgiven This justifies the greatness of the Arabian horse and the relationship with the man that has lasted 13 centuries.
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| Cómo comprobar la buena vista del caballo |
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Many caregivers good visual health check of your horse approaching the hand to the eye of the animal. This is not a good way to do it, because without doubt close the eye, driven by a reflex action, which does not necessarily mean that the horse looks good. Although not see through that eye, the horse will close, driven by the small air movement provoke. The most appropriate method for verification is approaching a single finger to the eye, so slowly and without sudden movements that generate air. If the horse doing so closes the lid, we can be sure that you see in that eye. |
| Curar el tic del oso |
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With the name "Bear Tic" continued movement know that some horses perform, balancing his head on the door of the block. A custom, in addition to bad, is contagious to his fellow down the block. So as you see that one of his horses began to make these movements, it is imperative to take action. A simple solution is quite appropriate to hang a tennis ball or golf right in the center of the door. The tying a rope to hang them on the top of the door, outside the box, making the ball is placed in the middle of the door, where the animal is often rear its head. De esta forma, cada vez que balancee su cabeza, el caballo se dará contra la pelota, algo que le resultará molesto, por lo que finalmente dejará de hacerlo |
| Revisión básica de la salud del caballo |
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It is important to know how to perform a basic check on the health of our horse. A simple task that will help us detect disease early, which may result in many cases greatly increase the chance of cure. To do this we must check breathing, temperature and pulse of the animal, as follows:
Make it a habit to perform this basic review from time to time, create a habit in the animal to be left accessible without problems. These simple steps can save you more than a severe shock. |
| El movimiento de la cola |
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Quite the opposite of what happens to the dogs, wags its tail to show its joy, the horse has a habit of moving as a clear sign of irritation. In fact, the shock caused by these movements, which act like real lashes, can produce injuries to the breeder, especially if they occur in the face. Thus it is always advisable to knot the queue when we prepare to work with the animal's hind legs. The horse can shake its tail in this way because of the rigid part on which they are implemented the manes, called "maslo" is an area of about eight inches and that is mobile. |
| No deje el caballo solo |
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Keep in mind always claim a horse that is just bored. Indeed,
the horse that lives in liberty is inserted into a herd hierarchy
and, therefore, is used to accompany the like daily. So when
you are alone bored. |
| Vigile sus excrementos |
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The feces of our horse we offer a lot of important information about your physical condition, so it is necessary that every so vigilant.
- If the droppings have high reliability, low odor and brownish-green,
are a sign that the horse is properly digested your diet and
your status is correct.
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| Cómo quitar el vicio de morder el rozal |
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Many horses have the habit of biting his tether attachment when they are attached, an attitude that causes even sometimes cut the halter.
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| ¿Qué son los espejuelos? |
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With such a complicated name, Glasses, knows small soft corneal growths that appear on the inside of each member, at the knees and hocks.
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| LLagas. Cómo curarlas |
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The sores are an extremely common ailment in our horses, both work in the field and life in the box can cause this type of minor ailments that any caregiver should be able to heal properly.
- Cotton. - Chiffon: for dressings. - Bands: covering the wounds, keeping the tissues. - Adhesive tape for fixing the dressing. - Safety pins, for various attachments. - Tweezers: For removing anything extraneous. - Scissors: dead meat cutting, hair ... 2 .- Disinfection of wounds, for which we serve to: - Spirit of 70 º or 90 º: active disinfection occurs, but can be somewhat painful for the horse. - Mercurochrome: disinfection is softer, helping to clean wounds. - Tincture of iodine disinfection carried out internally. - Zinc oxide ointment, used to dry the soles rotten. 3 .- Make the right care: different wounds will require the completion of different types of cures: - Application of antibiotic ointment, that promote healing the wounds will protect against infection. - Dust with sulfonamides: aids healing. - Grease: protecting wounds. - Mytosyl: protects the wound while away the insects that come to her. - Pump healing: Protects wounds while facilitating healing. We must be careful with it because the noise produced very anxious horses. - Aluminum powder, which serves to form an artificial scab. |
| Ataques de sudor |
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Sometimes you've found your horse covered in a cold sweat after returning from work. You have acted correctly: it has dried enough and has left uncovered, but still return to the block it is completely sweaty. This is a situation we must avoid, since sweat may be causing many complications. For this endeavor to return the horse to the stable always cool and calm, even if you feel fatigued, take a walk with him until he calms down. Note that these attacks are always sweat a result of a nervous condition that can come caused by multiple reasons, the most common are the anxiety about work or the attitude of the rider to the horse. So, if your pet has a tendency to this type of attack, try to watch him at work, not too hard on him, do not find stressful. Before storing in your block, make sure it is completely dry and hot, give him some hay and let him alone to calm down (checking from time to time your state). |
| Mantener una venda en la cola |
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In certain circumstances, especially when transporting your horse, its tail will need to stay locked to prevent those annoying scratches. To do nothing better than to proceed to sell, using a special band with which we will be rolling the tail from the top down. The problem with this solution is that many times the band ends to slip and fall, to prevent this from happening, we recommend you do some laps in the top of the queue, pick up a lot of hair and proceed then to properly tighten the band. |
| Aplicar un antiinflamatorio |
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Anti-inflammatory, without doubt, one of the most difficult to apply to the horse. Many of their special characteristics must be softened in a water bath, which is an added difficulty when applying it to the tendons, because slip and be lost even before the band can be placed. To prevent this from happening, we recommend a simple trick: spread the product on a piece of newspaper and place it over the limb of the animal, then you can use the band to hold the paper, getting everything into place . No doubt a simple and highly effective. |
| ¿porque se niega un caballo a comer? |
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Many caregivers become "crazy" trying to find the reasons that make your horse refuses food. Here we present some of the most common: - A bad smell, the horse is particularly sensitive to smells, and though very hungry, they refuse to eat any food that you forward a funny smell (urine of mice is usually one of the most common). - Thirst: a thirsty horse will refuse to eat. If he entered his stall, make sure the horse has eaten his share, you should check immediately if water is available or not and if you have then you should make sure it is clean. |
| Las garrapatas |
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It is without doubt one of the largest and most frequent troubles afflicting our horse. The first thing to know about where the ticks are found, in
this sense should know that often take shelter in the hedges
and ferns. From there, go get the horse's body, they will mainly
his legs and chest, from where they feed on blood. - Do not start, despite being the natural reaction of many caregivers, this is a great error, since the head of the tick can be placed under the animal's skin, causing an infection. - Try to kill them: for that there are different methods: a few drops of ether, the heat of a cigarette, stick the dog tick will encounter at the vet ... all these methods will cause the tick to die and fall off by itself. |
| Las medicinas desagradables: Administración |
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Many more times than is desirable, our horses need drugs that are supplied as powders or tablets that certainly is not comfortable. Many caregivers go crazy trying to get the animal to take these vitamins, as well, there is a simple trick that will help deliver these drugs with ease. Is to mix these medications with a ration of food. To make sure nothing is left, we ration somewhat smaller than usual. Choose a particularly tasty food for the animal, with the aim of not refuse. Add apples, carrots ... according to the taste of your horse. |
| Cómo curar una ampolla |
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Unfortunately, the blisters on the backs of our horses are common. Whether a bad fold a blanket or a chair poorly adapted animal skin peel off and form a swelling whose edges being folded: a typical blister. Although this is not a serious problem, it is always advisable to carry out without delay healing. To do this, first of all is to put ice on the swelling, which will be good to have a place where the ice cover, and then hold it over the area (if you do not have anything that would serve as a sheath, a sock can make this function properly.) To hold over the area, we will use a tape. If the bulb appears when you are walking with your horse, you can boot a clod of earth and place it on the swelling on the side of the grass. If possible, agree that the grass is wet, for greater effectiveness. Hold with a cloth and a rope. Of course, we monitor the area for several days, trying to be always clean and the air, avoiding as far as possible to put something on it . |
| El aseo |
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HOWER WITH SOAP AND WATER Se trata de una forma de limpieza únicamente aconsejable en caso de que el caballo esté sucio de grasa, ya que el exceso de jabón reseca la piel del animal, llegando a producirle picores e incluso dejándola sin brillo (si no es más conveniente lavarlo únicamente con agua).Para duchar al caballo con agua y jabón es recomendable seguir estas pautas:
HULL CLEANING This is part of the horse should always remain clean. Although we do not have time to wash the horse completely, at least once a day we will spend a few minutes to clean their hulls. We will use just a limpiacascos. It is an area in which different objects can be nailed, producing substantial risk of injury, plus they usually accumulates in manure, making them consider also a focus of infection if they are perfectly clean. This is compounded by the fact that horses with soft helmets often have the problem that will wear out very easily and quickly, especially on the side of the heels so the daily check is essential. In this review we also discuss the state of the shoes, their settlement, the nails ... The daily cleaning of the hulls can avoid numerous setbacks. Besides limpiacascos appointed, we recommend using two other products, which are: Ointment for helmets: enhances and supports their natural development, preventing cracking and promoting their elasticity). Tar helmet, that will help to eliminate bacteria, germs and odors. We also recommend that you carry a limpiacascos during walks with his horse, so that if you start COGEAR, you can analyze whether there is any problem (you have a object stuck), and if so fix it right then. COMPLETE CLEANING The cleaning should be undertaken so the horse once it has completed its work and in that moment your body is hot, which helps to release dirt more easily and will be much more enjoyable.
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| La cabeza. El sistema de control del jinete |
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Undoubtedly, the head is one of the most important elements who make up the team of horses. Its fundamental role is none other than providing the means to control the movements of the horse by the rider. Knowing the different breaks that exist in the market, their advantages and disadvantages, and their correct placement is therefore essential.
Head types While all heads are, in principle, the same function, the fact is that there are different types SINGLE HEAD A single mouth. Also known as head of steak, but need not necessarily lead to a steak.
![]() DBL HEAD The double bridle is used with two mouths, making it more complete. In riders that know how to use, provides a strict and proper control, but be careful because misused can cause confusion and even pain to the horse. Has the same elements as simple nod, but it also has two uprights together in a single piece to hold the steak and another pair of reins to the bit. Place head on a horse Follow these steps: 1 .- Make sure the noseband and ahogadero are undone. 2 .- Place the buckle of the reins on the headpiece and hang his head in his left shoulder (making sure the browband is out). 3 .- Stand to the left of the horse. Take the head of the block remove the halter. 4 .- pass the reins over the horse's head, holding the neck as he takes the pitch block. Hang the head of block after removing it, since otherwise the horse may become entangled with it. 5 .- Take the bridle, taking the headpiece with the right hand and steeping the mouth on the left hand or vice versa, whichever is easier. 6 .- Bring the mouth of the horse's mouth and insert your thumb into the corner of the mouth, which will force him to open it. 7 .- When the animal opens his mouth, gently insert the mouthpiece, while lifting your head toward your ears. 8 .- When you head into your mouth, you can use your left hand to gently move the halter horse's ears. 9 .- Adjust the noseband and ahogadero. Head adjustment Once we have put the halter on the horse, it must be adjusted properly to ensure maximum safety and comfort. Check one by one each element of the head: - Cheeks: Please note that shorten or lengthen modify the position of the mouth. - Testera: it must rest on the nape of the horse. The uprights are fastened on both sides of the headpiece, at the same height and just above the eyes. - Browband: must be low enough to not touch her ears to the horse. Once it has been fastened, there should be enough clearance to get through the fingers with comfort. Note that if it is too long, will move back and if it is very short press on the base of the ears, causing pinching and rubbing. - Ahogadero: once set, will make enough room to move your hand between it and the horse's jaw. If too tight breathing difficult horse to lower the head and neck. - Noseband: after adjustment should be sufficient space to pass two fingers between the noseband and the jaw. Must be at a height of approximately 2.5 cm below the cheek bone. - If the horse is going to be bridled and led to the rope, the reins must be crossed and buckles around the neck.
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| Ensillar al caballo |
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To saddle a horse, we proceed as follows: Make sure that the animal's back is clean and healthy, with no chips, dried mud, pimples or injury. From the left side of it, put the tee at the height of the cross and slides back to straighten hair underneath. It should be going just the same, in the case of animals with high cross or by passing on copies of the low cross. Since it is essential that there is no rash and it is an area of sensitive skin. Place the frame, ensuring that the handle is properly seated. Place the strap through the seat and place it gently on the horse's back, for it should hold the pommel Pesillo front or left hand and right rear. Pull the sweatshirt from the knob to allow air to circulate between it and the horse. On the right side make sure there are no folds in the blanket. Hold the strap buckle on the right. Vuelva al lado izquierdo, tire de la cincha desde debajo del caballo y sujete la hebilla de este lado.La correcta posición de la silla de adiestramiento o doma, es colocar el peso en el centro de gravedad del caballo, lo cual podemos ver cuando el caballo se encuentra en reposo, en la intersección de una vertical imaginaria que pasara a unos 15 cm . por detrás de la cruz y una horizontal por la línea de los hombros y hacia atrás. La posición de la silla de salto, va más adelantado, se deben utilizar estriberas más cortas y una silla que le permita colocarse en la parte delanteras y sobre el nuevo centro de gravedad.
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| El casco |
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Many veterinarians and caregivers agree, saying "no horse without a helmet." We know well the basic structure of this area of the animal and know what needs care. The hull is composed mainly of three parts: The Wall: the outer zone. Its growth is down from the crown. Sole: slightly concave side fulfills its mission to protect the hull of injury. We must be very careful with it because it is very thin. The Tadpole: non-slip shock absorbing mechanism that enables the hull to extend and contract with every step. It is essential to keep clean at all times to avoid problems in the hull. Many will wonder why the horses that live in the wild do not need all this care and live many years without serious problems in their helmets. The reason is clear: the human animal asked to carry out a series of tasks that wild horses do not have to do: carry a rider, jump, gallop on asphalt, stay long hours stabled ... All these activities are not natural and unnatural causes tension in the feet and legs of the animal. The cornea of the town continues to grow throughout the life of the horse (it is estimated that approximately one centimeter per month on average), but also wears down, especially if the animal is working on a hard surface. Hence the need for hardware, which will serve to prevent excessive wear of the helmet. |
| Cúando herrar al caballo |
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The horseshoe is as the "sole" which protects the horse's hoof, prevents excessive wear and care of the damage. Something essential especially when the man uses the horse for competition or for work. Some say that the hardware is not necessary if the hooves are hard and have good shape, with strong walls and good ranillas, and if the signature animal strong and straight. When determining the need for shoeing the horse we must consider the land on which it moves and the work done throughout the day. In this regard, consider that the land that are not too hard, imply that the animal does not need much protection. Both trimming of hooves as the hardware should be made by the blacksmith with a periodicity that depends directly on the level and type of work done by the animal, together with its rapid growth. In principle we can say that no horse should exceed eight weeks without branding (such as time limit) and that the hardware is acceptable period of 4 to 6 weeks. We should note that if we spend too much time without cutting, hull balance dangerously altered, and may even cause permanent damage to the animal's paw. The hoof growth, wear of the shoe and its fit to the helmet are the main factors in determining when a horse must be re-shod. To find out if a fitting is good, we must consider the following points:
On the other hand, it is important to note that when our animal is released along with others in the field, it is safer to leave it without branding. Among horses friction can still occur and if one comes to kick can cause serious injury to partner. Either way this is a long-discussed topic and has, as usual, with detractors and supporters. |

